Scouting (or the
Scout Movement) is a movement that aims to support young people in their
physical, mental and spiritual development, that they may play constructive
roles in society, with a strong focus on the outdoors and survival skills.
During the first half of the 20th century, the movement grew to encompass three
major age groups for boys (Cub Scout, Boy Scout, Rover Scout) and, in 1910, a
new organization, Girl Guides, was created for girls (Brownie Guide, Girl Guide
and Girl Scout, Ranger Guide). It is one of several worldwide youth
organizations.
In 1906 and 1907
Robert Baden-Powell, a lieutenant general in the British Army, wrote a book for
boys about reconnaissance and scouting. Baden-Powell wrote Scouting for Boys
(London, 1908), based on his earlier books about military scouting, with
influence and support of Frederick Russell Burnham (Chief of Scouts in British
Africa), Ernest Thompson Seton of the Woodcraft Indians, William Alexander
Smith of the Boys' Brigade, and his publisher Pearson. In the summer of 1907
Baden-Powell held a camp on Brownsea Island in England to test ideas for his
book. This camp and the publication of Scouting for Boys are generally regarded
as the start of the Scout movement.
The movement
employs the Scout method, a program of informal education with an emphasis on
practical outdoor activities, including camping, woodcraft, aquatics, hiking,
backpacking, and sports. Another widely recognized movement characteristic is
the Scout uniform, by intent hiding all differences of social standing in a
country and making for equality, with neckerchief and campaign hat or
comparable headwear. Distinctive uniform insignia include the fleur-de-lis and
the trefoil, as well as badges and other patches.
The two largest
umbrella organizations are the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM),
for boys-only and co-educational organizations, and the World Association of
Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS), primarily for girls-only organizations
but also accepting co-educational organizations. The year 2007 marked the
centenary of Scouting world wide, and member organizations planned events to
celebrate the occasion.
Scout method
The Scout method
is the informal educational system used by Scouts. The aim of Scouting is
character training with the goal of helping participants become independent and
helpful, and thereby become "healthy, happy, helpful citizens".
The Scout method
uses appealing games in the primitive outdoors to generate challenges which a
Scout learns to solve by himself. Through the training and the example of the
leader, Scouts are taught independence, leadership, the ambition to learn by
himself, and a moral code with positive goals. According to founder Robert
Baden-Powell, the Scout method works naturally and unconsciously: naturally in
the way that it follows the natural impulses of the Scout, and unconsciously
because the Scout is not aware of the education.
Hands-on
orientation provides a practical method of learning and helps the Scout build
confidence. Activities and games provide a fun way to develop skills and provide
contact with nature and the environment when pursued in an outdoor setting.
Scouts learn in small groups to build unity and a brotherly atmosphere.
Developing the characteristics of responsibility, self-reliance,
self-confidence, and readiness, the Scouts eventually learn collaboration and
leadership skills. An attractive program of varying activities expands a
Scout's horizons and bonds the Scout even more to the group.
source WikiPedia
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